“We will never have a perfect world, and it would be dangerous to seek one. But there is no limit to the betterments we can attain if we continue to apply knowledge to enhance human flourishing.”
Steven Pinker · Enlightenment Now, 2018
Pinker is pointing out a structural mismatch between the pace of genuine improvement and the pace of the news cycle. Real progress in areas like health, poverty reduction, or education tends to accumulate slowly and steadily, making it nearly invisible to daily journalism, which is drawn to sudden, dramatic events. As a result, people can be surrounded by genuine betterment and still feel as though the world is falling apart, simply because good news rarely arrives in a single newsworthy moment.
This observation comes from Pinker's 2018 book, in which he argues that the core values of the Enlightenment, reason, science, humanism, and progress, have produced measurable improvements across almost every dimension of human life over the past two centuries. A recurring theme in that book is the gap between data-supported optimism and the deep pessimism that seems to pervade public discourse. He uses this idea to explain why even well-informed people consistently underestimate how much the world has improved.
Steven Pinker is a cognitive scientist and Harvard professor who writes extensively about language, human nature, and the history of progress. His books for general audiences combine large datasets with accessible prose to challenge what he sees as fashionable but empirically unsupported pessimism. He has been a consistent advocate for the view that Enlightenment thinking has been a genuine force for human betterment, and he engages seriously with critics who dispute that view. His work spans both technical academic research and broader cultural commentary.
“We will never have a perfect world, and it would be dangerous to seek one. But there is no limit to the betterments we can attain if we continue to apply knowledge to enhance human flourishing.”
Steven Pinker · Enlightenment Now, 2018
“Intellectuals hate progress. Intellectuals who call themselves progressive really hate progress.”
Steven Pinker · Enlightenment Now, 2018
“The world has made spectacular progress in every single measure of human well-being. Here is a second shocker: almost no one knows about it.”
Steven Pinker · Enlightenment Now, 2018
“Progress is not utopia, but the gradual improvement of human flourishing through reason, science, and humanism.”
Steven Pinker · Enlightenment Now, 2018
“Nature has given us two ears, two eyes, and but one tongue, to the end that we should hear and see more than we speak.”
Socrates · attributed
“Contentment is natural wealth, luxury is artificial poverty.”
Socrates · attributed
“Employ your time in improving yourself by other men's writings, so that you shall gain easily what others have labored hard for.”
Socrates · attributed
“False words are not only evil in themselves, but they infect the soul with evil.”
Socrates · Plato, Phaedo
“The hour of departure has arrived, and we go our ways; I to die, and you to live. Which is better God only knows.”
Socrates · Plato, Apology
“Worthless people live only to eat and drink; people of worth eat and drink only to live.”
Socrates · attributed
“Once made equal to man, woman becomes his superior.”
Socrates · attributed
“Know thyself.”
Socrates · adopted from the Delphic maxim